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Monday, 4 April 2011

Cambodia to Saigon via the Mekong

The Cambodian people are very friendly and cheerful. Our only birding experience here was a private one day tour to a Sarus Crane preserve about four hours out of Siem Reap. At the reservoir where the cranes congregate and eventually nest we needed a four wheel drive vehicle to traverse a couple of miles of dried out rice paddies. Our guide and the park ranger who came with us counted 242 Sarus Cranes.


We also saw the
painted Stork, the Common Flameback Woodpecker, Baya Weavers with nests hanging from the trees, thousands of Lessor Whistling Ducks, huge fruit bats hanging from a tree and many other smaller birds. On the way home we stopped at the village near the lake ad watched them processing and then weaving silk into beautiful scarves.






Siem Reap has grown a huge amount in the last ten years but it is still very cute and a fun place to hang out. Lots of good restaurants, really cheap massages, foot cleaning by submersing your feet into a tank of fish and many places to sit around and watch the action while sipping on two beers for a dollar.
We rented bicycles for a dollar a day but, even though the terrain is flat, I would have paid twice that to have one several inches taller. For two days we biked around the ancient ruins of Ankor Watt and on the third day we saw the further ruins in a motorcycle pulled cart (a tuk tuk).





The ruins, mostly from the eleventh and twelfth century during the reign of
Javayaraman five to seven where built during the peak of the Khmer empire. At one time the Khumer occupied most of S. Vietnam, Laos, Thailand and even into Burma. They were grandiose and amazing with a style influenced from India and many particularly well preserved stone carved statues of Khmer royalty, warriors, religious figures, demons, monsters, dragons, monkeys and elephants.

















The walls of the main building in Ankor are decorated with carvings of the great mythical battles of their folklore.





Phnom Penh was the only other city we visited in Cambodia. We visited S-21 infamous political prison of the Khmer Rouge but took a pass on the "killing fields", the Dachau of Cambodia. We hired a nice and interesting Tuk Tuk driver/ guide for the day. His driving was amazing as he never looked back to see who he was cutting off, just waved his arm out and down before turning from the wrong lane, making an illegal u-turn or cutting across several lanes.


He had read quite a bit of history, especially communist political history, for a twenty-one year old. Glancing back at us, as much as looking forward at the road, he gave us his communist perspective of how Cambodia got to where it is today. He had left his home in the country-side with nothing a couple of years ago and was working to save money to study Economics in college . He told us he really like writing and history, but his mother thought studying economics would make more money. He has a French girlfriend he loves, but his mother has other plans (the girl next door). If only our boys were so obedient!

The riverside in Phnom Penn, the confluence of the Tonle Sap river and the Mekong, is lined with cafes and hotels in old but well kept French Colonial buildings. There are lots of seedy bars on the side streets by the river. Some western men seem to have found a young local female companion to tour the country with. Kind of a guide/concubine combination. If you can dodge the motorcycles and cross the street to the park by the river at sunset you might encounter groups of 20 to 30 middle aged people doing jazzersize to blaring speakers, young couples strolling the promenade, evening dinner cruises and cart vendors selling deep fried shrimp, 3 inch waterbugs, and black shiny tarantulas.


We had dinner with some Australians overhanging the river on the top floor of the FCC, the Foreign Corespondents Club where the Journalists congregated during the Vietnam War.

Down the mighty Mekong was such an appropriate way to cross the boarder of Vietnam. Lined by jungle and old junks, hot and humid, rickety buildings and piles of rice hulls it brought back memories of TV footage from the seventies or maybe from the movies that later depicted the war.







We arrived in Chau Doc a seedy boarder town to discover an entirely different culture that shocked us a bit at first. Market odors of meat and fish filled the air, buildings were in disrepair, musty thick tropical air enveloped us and we were tired. The Vietnamese language is coarse, abrupt and they speak loudly. Think of Asians talking like Italians. Not only do they drive all over the road with no regard for any traffic rules but they do so very aggressively, giving the impression that they would really run you over if you did not move. We decided to be extremely careful.
Despite our good intentions we immediately made a mistake. On the recommendation of our hotel we bought tickets for a mini van ride to the next town, CanTho ,as opposed to the bus. It drove a break neck speed through traffic, passing, honking, and running motorbikes nearly off the road. The only time it slowed was to nab another passenger until the vehicle was jammed full. We survived, but will stick to large tourist buses from now on.

Along the many tributaries of the Great Mekong River we visited several small towns, spending most of our time exploring the waterways and floating markets in small wooden "long boats" boats driven by Vietnamese women.









The Mekong is a huge network of big and small rivers and which are teeming with commerce. Boats of all sizes are carrying rice, vegetables, fruit, sand, equipment, fishermen or you name it.






Entire villages are built on the edge of a river. In one area bamboo houses float above net cages as large as the bottom of the house in which fish are farmed, being fed through a hole in the "porch". The Vietnamese here manufacture their own fish food each day by grinding up rice hulls and left over fish parts into a paste, then it is pelleted and dried.






There are daily markets on the river near each town- a congregation of boats selling their produce, wares or food-to-go. We spent one night on a small island at a "home stay" which was promoted, by the woman who cornered us as soon as we got off of the bus, as peaceful and quiet. It was quite lovely and scenic, but not quiet. The neighbors dog barked until midnight with additional outbursts throughout the night. At two AM a cat entered our room via the gap between the roof and wall carrying a rat in his mouth and then, to add insult to injury, the roosters woke up at five AM.

Our next stop was Saigon (Ho Chi Minh City or HCMC). It's truly a bee hive of motorcycles ceaselessly careening through the streets. Although there are marked crosswalks, no one pays any attention to them, traffic lights are rare, round-a bouts more common. To turn left at an intersection people cut diagonally across the inside of traffic rather than going to the middle and waiting for a break like we do. And believe it or not the person in the car, motorbike or bicycle that is behind is responsible for avoiding a collision, meaning that the driver in front can turn right or left in front of you, change lanes or even make a U-turn without looking back to check to see if anyone is in the way. They may signal but they almost never even glance back.



As you might imagine, crossing the street is one of the scariest things we have ever done. Nevertheless, Saigon was interesting as a totally bustling, cosmopolitan city. We enjoyed the experience, had some great food and saw many of the major sights but were ready to leave after one day.

We headed North to Cat Tien National Park.







Location:Dalat

Thursday, 24 March 2011

Back in Thailand to Cambodia


Culture shock! Back in Thailand, which seemed so exotic and inscrutable when we first arrived, now feels like luxurious civilization. For two weeks we explored northern Thailand by car, so nice to have our own wheels and the freedom that affords! The area around Chiang Mai has a number of national parks situated around cool(ish) mountains and home to so great flora and fauna.

Bird watching was very good, although challenging because of the dirth of information on where to go, how to get there or where to stay.





Hiking and birding are foreign concepts to the Thai, so there are often large parks with seemingly no access, and few trails. Park accommodations are spartan and poorly maintained. Our most memorable stay was at Doi Inthanon where we rented a bungalow in the woods. The bed had the hardest mattress I have ever encountered, comparable to cork, compressible only with a hammer. The bathroom had a leaky pipe and the floor was partly flooded in perpetuity. It also had an instant hot water heater attached to the wall which fell off in the middle of Ron's evening shower.
The gas hose did not reach the floor, so it disconnected and natural gas came blowing out. Instead of running out wet and naked into the night as I would have done, Ron went into Garber Plumbing mode, held the gas off with one thumb while reattaching the hoses with his swiss army knife and reaffixing it to the wall. Since it had been held in with two screws barely anchored into concrete, I felt skeptical about it's integrity, but Ron assured me it would hold, which it did during my shower. In the morning we found that it had become detached again at the top and was hovering at a 45 degree angle from the wall. Thank Buddha it didn't fall off on me during my nightly foray to the toilet in the dark. Needless to say we found other accommodations for the next night!






One of the best, and unique, things you can do in thailand is get a massage.
The masseuse is on the mat with you and there is a lot of yoga style body interaction as she holds your various body parts up, often in a stretched position, while massaging with hand, elbow or foot. Hard, verging on painful, just the way I like it. Everyone gets massages here, at $6 an hour why not? One is given special loose fitting shirt and pants to wear, all massages are done in one room, bodies lined up in various contortions. In one area of Chaing Mai, in the evenings, chairs and couches are lined on the sidewalks and both locals and tourists, young and old, are getting massages focused on various parts of the anatomy.












The food in Thailand has been amazing. Everything is fresh and delicious, although often too hot for our delicate palate. Pahd Thai noodles is a reliable stand-by, but causes eye rolling by the chefs of better restaurants. There appears to be half a dozen gingers used used to flavor dishes in addition to the usual lemon grass, kafir lime, peppers and coriander. Fish is abundant and fresh, but requires careful bone avoidance. Street food is everywhere, especially grilled chicken or surprisingly-hot dogs on skewers. Our favorite is the roti stand selling crepes with optional fillings of banana, mango, or other fresh fruits. Some American fast food is creeping in, there'd are 7-11's everywhere, Kentucky fried chicken and Winchells doughnuts. One item lacking on most menus are green salads, lettuce is not a staple here. Once we stole guiltily into a Sizzler(!) And ravaged the salad bar.




















Next on the list was a foray into southern Thailand, starting with a visit to Nong Nooch, a botanic garden south of Bangkok recommended to us by our friend Jeff. This huge garden is a paradise for palm and cycad fanatics (Ron). We were most fortunate to get a behind the scenes look at the collection by the plant director. Since the average Thai (like the average American) has no appreciation for the botanic wonders of the world, the garden is also home to some Disneyesque displays, elephant shows (elephant art, soccer and darts) and Thai "culture" shows.












We decided to hang out, catch up on our email and reading for a couple of days in the little town of Khao Lak on the Andaman Sea. Hanging out on the balmy tropical beaches of Southern Thailand was a welcome break from the life on the road which had characterized the first six weeks of our adventure.











From there we arranged a three day tour with a bird specialist guide, and a couple of birders from South Africa, of a park in this area. Khao Sok, the largest park in Thailand, is centered on a huge lake in the jungle so it is explored mostly by kayak and you stay in a floating "hotel", really no more than a series of bamboo huts and a place to eat.











We did see a few nice birds but were more excited by the great scenery reminiscent of Jurasic park, with huge limestone cliffs jutting out of the dense jungle, and frequent viewings of monkeys in their natural habitat; dusky langurs, pig and long tailed macaques, and white handed gibbons.













Once again missed the tigers and elephants but did get a glimpse of gaurs, large hornbills, colorful tree squirrels and wild pig. The insects, such as the butterflies and big red ants which folded leaves high in the trees to make large living nests, as well as the reptiles, including the huge Tokay gecko (18 inches),






flying lizards and a large water monitor, were amazing. On a jungle hike we walked almost a kilometer through a limestone cave, with beautiful stalactites (mites), bats and a river which we sometimes walked in and once had to swim down in a narrow channel, to get to the other side of the mountain.


















This ends our tour of Thailand, from here we cross east to Cambodia and the temples of Angkor Wat.


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Friday, 11 March 2011

Mandalay and Bagan

Mandalay was is not far from Inle Lake but it took all day to drive there due to the condition of the roads, most of which are currently being repaired at the rate of about 25 yards a day. To break up the ride we stopped at a massive natural cave in the limestone hills at Pindae. Several hundred years ago the ruler in this area invited neighboring royalty to visit the cave. This Prince was so impressed that he gave a gift of a Buddha to be placed in the cave, ultimately leading to the destruction of it's natural beauty and the death of all of it's stalactites, culminating in it's current state of refuge for 8000 +/- gilded Buddhas of all sizes forming a maize of passages.



In some ways a new surreal beauty transcends the lost natural wonder but, like many things created by humans to sanctify their religious icons, I can't help but think what the enlightened person, in this case the last Buddha, Guatamo Siddartha, would have thought of this destruction of a natural wonder in his honor.

Mandalay, the capital of Burma before the English took over in 1885 ending roughly 800 years of Monarchy, is a bustling big city melding a rich ancient history with embryonic signs of a modern future. The hot moist air, grueling in the middle of the day, lush flora and mosquitos reminded us that we were in the tropics. Each day we crossed the Irrawady River, which winds its way through the town, to visit a different region; it's pagodas, villages, peoples and crafts,


(tapestry, silk and lotus weaving, wood carving, stone carving - mostly buddhas,


bronze statues, bamboo products of all types, jewelry, production of gold leaf for coating buddhas).


The Mandalay market


is huge and diverse, filled with odors ranging from interesting and exotic to nauseating to our western senses, like dried fish, fish paste


and meat displayed without refrigeration.

A very pleasant one hour boat ride up the Irrawady River one morning took us to the city of Mingun. Approaching by boat we saw from a distance what appeared to be a huge steeply inclined, almost surreal, geological structure arising behind the town.


Our guide informed us that it was the ruins of what would have been the largest pagoda in the world. Had it been completed, at five hundred feet high, it would have rivaled the Egyptian pyramids. This structure, began under the personal direction of Bodawpaya the "Grandfather" King, so named for the 207 wives and concubines with their 120 children, in the last quarter of the 18th century, was left unfinished when the King and his sons simply lost interest. During this period the Burmese Kingdom was at a peak, stretching from the Bengal Sea across Siam, into what is now Thailand and parts of Cambodia and Laos. The next hundred years or so, until the occupation by the British in 1885, were blessed with peaceful Royal Rule and advancement of the arts, things that are quite unusual in Burmese history.
From Mandalay we flew south following the Irrawaddy river. The city of Bagan (Pagan) in the great central plain, with it's thousands of pagodas, was destroyed during the Mongol hordes which invaded Europe and Asia in the late 13th century (1284). This ancient city of ruins was one of our favorite places in Myanmar.






It must have been phenomenal before it's destruction, and you really have to use your imagination since there has been very little restoration or reconstruction, as there are five to fifteen pagodas or temples in every visual field.


The inside walls were covered with beautiful paintings, which are fading, cracked and worn off. We are not sure how long the surviving paintings will last as we saw the care takers cleaning the walls with a sponge mop. The development of Pagan as a great and beautiful city along the Irrawaddy began in 1044 when one of the most liked and honored Kings of Burma, Aniruddha, rose to power and subsequently united the kingdom, fairly closely resembling the boarders of today, under one rule.






Our guide Myint showed us many of the key temples on our first day by car but we really wanted to get out on our own and explore. The following day we toured by bicycle but by 1 pm; several pagodas, hundred of Buddhas, many miles and two flat tires later, we had to retire to the hotel pool to avoid heat stroke.

From Bagan we flew back to Yangon for the return trip to Bangkok and the end of our Burmese adventure. It is an interesting place, with nice people




















and you really get a feeling for how a Buddhist country, only slightly tarnished by modern western culture, looks and functions, but we were conflicted by the poverty and the difficulty traveling and sometimes eating in what is still part of the third world. We grew to understand, appreciate and admire the Buddhist Philosophy although we were disappointed in how, despite having no concepts of god, heaven or hell, they managed to turn it into a religion.


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Location:Bangkok